Pediatric Frontiers: Weekly Insights
Pediatria
Advances in Neonatal Respiratory Care and Pediatric Sepsis
This week we discuss the latest in neonatal respiratory care including updated RDS guidelines and ventilation strategies, plus important new insights into pediatric sepsis risk stratification from recent studies.
Bibliography
1. European Consensus Guidelines on the Management of Respiratory Distress Syndrome: 2022 Update.
Authors: Sweet DG, Carnielli VP, Greisen G, et al.
Journal: Neonatology, 2023
PMID: 36863329
DOI: 10.1159/000528914
2. High-Frequency Oscillation vs Mechanical Ventilation for Neonatal Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: A Randomized Clinical Trial.
Authors: Li J, Liu K, Yang Q, et al.
Journal: JAMA network open, 2026 Mar 2
PMID: 41801204
DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2026.0268
3. ILAE classification of the epilepsies: Position paper of the ILAE Commission for Classification and Terminology.
Authors: Scheffer IE, Berkovic S, Capovilla G, et al.
Journal: Epilepsia, 2017 Apr
PMID: 28276062
DOI: 10.1111/epi.13709
4. Randomised, double-blind, parallel group, placebo-controlled, trial of Bactek for the prevention of lower respiratory tract infections in preterm infants in the UK: BALLOON study - study protocol.
Authors: Kotecha SJ, Lowe J, Gillespie D, et al.
Journal: BMJ open, 2026 Mar 9
PMID: 41802797
DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2025-107929
5. Disrupted Brain Connectivity in Newborns Following Antenatal Opioid Exposure.
Authors: De Asis-Cruz J, Kim JH, Kapse K, et al.
Journal: Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging, 2026 Mar
PMID: 40983147
DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.09.011
6. Automatic versus manual control of oxygen and neonatal clinical outcomes in extremely preterm infants: a multicentre, parallel-group, randomised, controlled, superiority trial.
Authors: Franz AR, Maiwald CA, Niemarkt HJ, et al.
Journal: The Lancet. Child & adolescent health, 2026 Mar
PMID: 41679888
DOI: 10.1016/S2352-4642(25)00351-7
7. Criteria for Pediatric Sepsis-A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis by the Pediatric Sepsis Definition Taskforce.
Authors: Menon K, Schlapbach LJ, Akech S, et al.
Journal: Critical care medicine, 2022 Jan 1
PMID: 34612847
DOI: 10.1097/CCM.0000000000005294
8. Nivolumab+AVD in Advanced-Stage Classic Hodgkin's Lymphoma.
Authors: Herrera AF, LeBlanc M, Castellino SM, et al.
Journal: The New England journal of medicine, 2024 Oct 17
PMID: 39413375
DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa2405888
9. Criteria for Pediatric Sepsis-A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis by the Pediatric Sepsis Definition Taskforce.
Authors: Menon K, Schlapbach LJ, Akech S, et al.
Journal: Critical care medicine, 2022 Jan 1
PMID: 34612847
DOI: 10.1097/CCM.0000000000005294
10. Criteria for Pediatric Sepsis-A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis by the Pediatric Sepsis Definition Taskforce.
Authors: Menon K, Schlapbach LJ, Akech S, et al.
Journal: Critical care medicine, 2022 Jan 1
PMID: 34612847
DOI: 10.1097/CCM.0000000000005294
Authors: Sweet DG, Carnielli VP, Greisen G, et al.
Journal: Neonatology, 2023
PMID: 36863329
DOI: 10.1159/000528914
2. High-Frequency Oscillation vs Mechanical Ventilation for Neonatal Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: A Randomized Clinical Trial.
Authors: Li J, Liu K, Yang Q, et al.
Journal: JAMA network open, 2026 Mar 2
PMID: 41801204
DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2026.0268
3. ILAE classification of the epilepsies: Position paper of the ILAE Commission for Classification and Terminology.
Authors: Scheffer IE, Berkovic S, Capovilla G, et al.
Journal: Epilepsia, 2017 Apr
PMID: 28276062
DOI: 10.1111/epi.13709
4. Randomised, double-blind, parallel group, placebo-controlled, trial of Bactek for the prevention of lower respiratory tract infections in preterm infants in the UK: BALLOON study - study protocol.
Authors: Kotecha SJ, Lowe J, Gillespie D, et al.
Journal: BMJ open, 2026 Mar 9
PMID: 41802797
DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2025-107929
5. Disrupted Brain Connectivity in Newborns Following Antenatal Opioid Exposure.
Authors: De Asis-Cruz J, Kim JH, Kapse K, et al.
Journal: Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging, 2026 Mar
PMID: 40983147
DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.09.011
6. Automatic versus manual control of oxygen and neonatal clinical outcomes in extremely preterm infants: a multicentre, parallel-group, randomised, controlled, superiority trial.
Authors: Franz AR, Maiwald CA, Niemarkt HJ, et al.
Journal: The Lancet. Child & adolescent health, 2026 Mar
PMID: 41679888
DOI: 10.1016/S2352-4642(25)00351-7
7. Criteria for Pediatric Sepsis-A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis by the Pediatric Sepsis Definition Taskforce.
Authors: Menon K, Schlapbach LJ, Akech S, et al.
Journal: Critical care medicine, 2022 Jan 1
PMID: 34612847
DOI: 10.1097/CCM.0000000000005294
8. Nivolumab+AVD in Advanced-Stage Classic Hodgkin's Lymphoma.
Authors: Herrera AF, LeBlanc M, Castellino SM, et al.
Journal: The New England journal of medicine, 2024 Oct 17
PMID: 39413375
DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa2405888
9. Criteria for Pediatric Sepsis-A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis by the Pediatric Sepsis Definition Taskforce.
Authors: Menon K, Schlapbach LJ, Akech S, et al.
Journal: Critical care medicine, 2022 Jan 1
PMID: 34612847
DOI: 10.1097/CCM.0000000000005294
10. Criteria for Pediatric Sepsis-A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis by the Pediatric Sepsis Definition Taskforce.
Authors: Menon K, Schlapbach LJ, Akech S, et al.
Journal: Critical care medicine, 2022 Jan 1
PMID: 34612847
DOI: 10.1097/CCM.0000000000005294
